Loom temple



June 7, 1966 K. GOLDSCHMID 3,254,679

LOOM TEMPLE Filed June 4, 1964 Ff'g. .L

INVENTOR. FIF 3 KURT GO LLLLLL ID United States Patent 3,254,679 LOOM TEMPLE Kurt Goldschmid, R0. Box 5082, Tel Aviv, Israel Filed June 4, 1964, Ser. No. 372,531 6 Claims. (Cl. 139-294) This invention relates to a temple for looms and, more particularly, to a driven-roll type of temple whereby at least one roll of the temple can be rotated at a greater surface speed than the fabric with which it is in contact.

In the well-known weaving looms, the selvage and a portion of each outward edge of the fabric are held by the temples to obtain the full width at the fell of the cloth. Each temple is secured to the loom in a position to hold the woven material taut at the point where each new pick of filling is heat into place. The selvages woven in this manner will tend to lie flat with the body of the cloth and be free from scallops and bunches and not be undesirably slack. The rollers for such temples, in order to hold the material under tension, are made of a material having a coefficient of friction higher than the woven material. They have been made of rubber, fiber or various abrasives and also of wood with sharpened needle points radially extending therefrom. The outer contacting surfaces of such rollers have been formed withoutwardly directed grooves 'and threads or otherwise roughened to control the material against lateral motion.

It is intended that the temples will present the fell of the cloth to the reed and the incoming pick of filling with the fell extended to the full reeded width. However,,with loom temples as presently known it is only possible, at best, to hold the material to the width it had when contacted by the rolls. As no point upon a roll will move laterally in relation to the material in contact with it, the roll will simply rotate with the material extended without possbility of change. If, for example, the material has gradually lost the original lateral tension and thus the held width has become reduced, it has not been pos sible for the temples to adjust this fault. Also, if the incoming fell of the cloth had, at the moment of contact with the rolls, been extended beyond the predetermined reeded width, the temples could not have corrected such a defect. Because the rolls in the temples of the prior art have generally been rotated by the movement of the woven material in contact with a portion of their surfaces, the speed of the rolls has remained constant and no lateral adjustment of cloth tension was effected.

It is a general object of'the invention to devise a loom temple which will effectively urge the fell of the cloth outwardly to the full reeded width for filling insertion.

It is a further object of the invention to rotate a fabric widening roll at a surface speed greater than that of the freely rotating temple roll.

It is a further object of the invention to drive a fabric widening roll from the temple roll which is being rotated by contact with the Woven fabric.

It is a still further object to devise a positive drive for a fabric widening roll whereby the widening roll will rotate at a surface speed greater than the fabric with which it is in contact.

These and other objects of the invention will become apparent as further details are disclosed.

The disadvantages of the known temples cited above have been eliminated by application of the instant invention by having a freely rotatable temple roll driven by the passage of the woven fabric and a positively driven widening roll in frictional contact with the fabric but rotated at a greater surface speed. The outwardly directed spiral groove acts as a continuing force to urge the material to its full desired width at the point of filling beat-up. In this manner losses in the width of the material at that point are automatically taken up and adjusted, thereby holding the lateral tension of the material more constant than has been previously possible.

The invention will be described by reference to specific embodiments thereof as illustrated in the accompanying figures of drawing, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation of the preferred embodiment of the temple;

FIG. 2 is a similar view of a second embodiment;

Fixed for rotation Within the temple case 18 (FIG. 3) bodiment of the fabric widening roll; and

FIGS. 4 and 5 are sectional views of two modified widening rolls.

Referring to FIG. 1, a loom temple generally desig nated 12 is adapted to hold the woven fabric under lateral tension during the weaving process. A temple roll 13 is rotatably mounted on axis 14 and is driven by contact with the woven fabric 15 which is held in position by the concave surface of a temple cap 16 in a well-known manner. A sprocket 17 is securely fixed to the outward end of the temple roll 13. The term outward in this instance refers to the position of the temple on the loom and means away from the center of the loom.

Fixed for rotation within the temple case 18 (FIG. 3) a fabric widening roll 19 is adapted to rotate about an axis 20 which is generally parallel with the axis 14. The widening roll 19 is similarly positioned in relation to the temple cap 16 so that the fabric 15 is held against a portion of the rolls circumference. A sprocket wheel 21 is aflixed to the outward end of the widening roll 19 and. both are driven by a chain 22 which runs over the sprocket 17 and an adjustable tension wheel 23 positioned angularly from the axes 14 and 20. The sprocket wheel 21 is smaller in diameter and has fewer teeth than the sprocket 17. This provides a positive drive from the temple roll 13 to the widening roll 19 and, as their diameters are equal, the widening roll 19'Will rotate at a greater surface speed than the driving temple roll 13. Speed ratios are readily controlled by the substitution of varying size sprocket wheels 21.

The widening roll 19 might also be driven by other rotating shafts on the loom with equal results; however, the preferred embodiment defines a simple method of driving the fabric widening roll at a surface speed in excess of the fabric in contact with it and will tend to draw the fabric to its complete width. The outward drawing effect is accomplished by the roll outer surface which may assume a number of varying forms. In FIG. 3 the fabric widening roll 19 is formed of a material having a high coelficient of friction such as rubber and an outer surface in the form of outwardly spiralling grooves 24. The grooves as shown in FIG. 3 are equidistant on centers and will tend during rotation to draw the passing fabric outwardly of the loom due to the increased speed of the roll 19.

In FIG. 4 the grooves 24' are similarly arranged, but the distances between grooves gradually increase outwardly along the spiral. I

In FIG. 5 a second modification shows the spiral grooves 24 similar to those of FIG. 3; however, the widening roll 19' is formed with an outwardly increasing external taper to further increase the lateral tension on the passing fabric.

A modified driving means is shown in FIG. 2 which includes a frictional wheel 25 securely fastened to the outward end of the temple roll 13 and a smaller frictional wheel 26 fastened to the outward end of'the widening roll 19. An interconnecting friction wheel 27 is adjustably held in contact with both frictional wheels 25 and 26 by any convenient method in conjunction with an arcuate slot 28 in the temple case 18. The Wheel 27 is adjustable to adapt to frictional wheels of varying sizes driving temple roll.

which may be exchanged to widening roll 19.

It is possible by means of the invention herein disclosed to incorporate more than one widening roll into the temple for rotation at surface speeds greater than the single Such a condition is desirable where a difiicult weave is involved in order to avoid the possibility of pin-hole and scallop type defects in the finished material.

In operation, a temple as described is positioned at each side of a loom with the cloth threaded through in the direction indicated by arrows in FIG. 1. A loom take-up motion (not shown) will exert tension to the Woven cloth which will be drawn through the temples at a prescribed rate, determined by the particular construction of the material being woven, in accordance with the desired number of picks per lineal inch of warp yarn. The material which is held by the cap 16 into close contact with the temple roll 13 will drive that roll at a surface speed equal to that of the moving cloth. The sprocket 17 which is fixed to roll 13 will rotate the smaller sprocket 21 and its roll 19 by the interconnecting link chain 22. The widening roll 19 being of equal diameter with temple roll 13 in this instance will rotate at a faster surface speed than the temple roll 13 because of the smaller divary the speed ratio of the ameter of the sprocket 21. The speed ratio between the two rolls is readily changeable by the substitution of other size sprockets. As the roll surface groove 24 is rotated faster than the fabric 15, the outwardly directed spiral will draw the cloth to its full width in consequence of the tension exerted by the cap 16 and the friction of surface of roll 19. The temples are positioned so that the roll 19 is adjacent the fell of the cloth which position will present the fell at the desired reeded width for receiving the newly inserted pick of filling.

It will be seen that the basic concept of the invention, that is, means for driving fabric widening rolls at surface speeds exceeding the passing cloth may be carried out in a number of ways. Equivalents for the chain drive disclosed may be leather belting or woven strapping. Direct gearing may be used for controlling the rotation speed of the widening roll and might be with external worm gears or with internal gearing within the driven roll. An increased surface velocity for the widening roll may be obtained also by an increase in the roll diameter while holding the angular velocity unchanged. This method has been accomplished by rotating both rolls or a dual unitary roll on a single axis.

The invention herein disclosed eliminates many templecaused cloth defects when used with ditficult, sensitive weave constructions.

While two embodiments and modifications of the invention have been disclosed, it is to be understood that the inventive concept may be carried out in a number of ways. This invention is, therefore, not to be limited to the precise details described, but is intended to embrace all variations and modifications thereof falling within the spiritof the invention and the scope of the claims.

I claim:

1. A loom temple adapted to hold fabric laterally under tension as it is being Woven comprising a rotatably mounted temple roll, said roll being adapted to be rotated by contact with said fabric, at least one fabric widening roll, means for driving said widening roll from said temple roll at a surface speed in excess of that of said temple roll.

2. A loom temple adapted to hold fabric laterally under tension as it is being woven comprising a rotatably mounted temple roll, said roll being adapted to be rotated by contact with said fabric, at least one fabric' tated by contact with said fabric, at least one fabric Widening roll, positive drive means from said temple roll for driving said widening roll at a surface speed in excess of that of said temple roll, and a fabric contacting outer surface on said widening roll, said outer surface being adapted for urging lateral tension to said fabric.

3. A loom temple adapted to hold fabric laterally under tension as it is being woven comprising a rotatably mounted temple roll, said roll being adapted to be rowidening roll, driving means for said temple roll for rotating said widening roll at a greater surface speed than that of said temple roll, and a roll outer surface for said widening roll for urging lateral tension to said fabric, said outer surface having coefficient of friction higher than said fabric.

4. A loom temple adapted to hold fabric laterally under tension as it is being woven comprising a rotatably mounted temple roll, said roll being adapted to be rotated by contact with said fabric, at least one fabric widening roll, positive drive means connected from said temple roll for rotating said widening roll at a greater surface speed than that of said temple roll, and a fabric contacting outer surface on said widening roll, said outer surface being adapted for urging lateral tension to said fabric.

5. A loom temple adapted to hold fabric laterally under tension as it is being woven comprising a rotatably mounted temple roll, said roll being adapted to be rotated by contact with said fabric, at least one fabric widening roll, driving gear means connected from said temple roll for rotating said widening roll at a greater surface speed than that of said temple roll, and a roll outer surface for said widening roll for urging lateral tension to said fabric, said outer surface having coefiicient of friction higher than said fabric.

6. A loom temple adapted to hold fabric laterally under tension as it is being woven comprising a rotatably mounted temple roll, said roll being adapted to be rotated by contact with said fabric, at least one fabric widening roll, friction driving means interconnecting said temple roll with said widening roll for rotating said widening roll at a greater surface speed than that of said temple roll, and a roll outer surface for said Widening roll for urging lateral tension to said fabric, said outer surface having coeflicient of friction higher than said fabric.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 355,818, 1/1887 Harling 139-294 2,297,128 9/1942 Benson 139-296 2,815,045 12/1957 Splawn 139-296 2,823,706 2/ 1958 Parham 139295 FOREIGN PATENTS 350,767 4/ 1905 France. 916,510 8/1946 France. 1,037,803 5/1953 France.

509,493 10/1930 Germany.

1,005 1863 Great Britain. 1,377 1877 Great Britain. 7 8,617 1908 Great Britain.

642,785 9/ 1950 Great Britain.

DONALD W. PARKER, Primary Examiner. J. KEE CHI, Assistant Examiner. 

1. A LOOM TEMPLE ADAPTED TO HOLD FABRIC LATERALLY UNDER TENSION AS IT IS BEING WOVEN COMPRISING A ROTATABLY MOUNTED TEMPLE ROLL, SAID ROLL BEING ADAPTED TO BE ROTATED BY CONTACT WITH SAID FABRIC, AT LEAST TO BE ROWIDENING ROLL, MEANS FOR DRIVING SAID WIDENING ROLL FROM SAID TEMPLE ROLL AT A SURFACE SPEED IN EXCESS OF THAT OF SAID TEMPLE ROLL. 